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Carrie Ingalls, Homesteader

W-NW & W-SW 9-4N-20E of Black Hills Meridian

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Becky Newhall / Rebecca Stewart

Classmate of Laura Ingalls in De Smet.

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claim shanty

Temporary dwelling.

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tableland

Elevated flat land; a plateau.

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orthography

The art of spelling words correctly.

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catechism

Question & answer book of religious doctrine.

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Yankton, Dakota Territory

1879 land office town.

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windlass

Device to move water or dirt from the bottom of a well to ground level.

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Visscher Barnes

Probate Judge, VP of Temperance Society, and first director of De Smet school board.

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George Wilmarth family

Owner of early grocery store in De Smet.

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Little House on the Prairie – the fictional story

The Ingallses in Indian Territory.

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Frank Schaub

Early harness maker in De Smet.

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blueberry

a kind of whortleberry

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Silliman Gilbert family

Kingsbury County farmer.

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anvil

Iron block to hammer upon.

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“Song of the Grass”

Song from Leslie and Randall’s The Conqueror, page 16.

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swimming hole

Watch out for ankle grabbers!

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“Old Folks at Home”

Way down upon the Swanee River!

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“The Old Time”

Mr. Boast’s favorite song.

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barrel

Round vessel or cask made of wooden staves.

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George C. Bradley

Early De Smet druggist.

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herd

A number of large beasts assembled together.

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Christmas

Christian observation of the birth of Christ

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bake oven / bake-oven

Coals on top and below.

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“Elizabeth, Elspeth, Betsy, and Bess”

Nursery rhyme wordplay on the name Elizabeth.

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John H. Carroll

Early De Smet banker.

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ostrich tips / feathers

Short bobbing feather used for hat decoration.

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perforated paper embroidery

Stitched designs.

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Y

“Yankee Doodle” – Youth’s Companion

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the children’s blizzard

January 12, 1888, blizzard.

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Jim River / James River

A tributary of the Missouri River.

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chapel

Place of worship.

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Thomas P. Power family

De Smet tailor.

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lantern

A light meant to be carried.

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Rev. Royal Gould Wilder

Almanzo’s uncle.

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Bibliography

LIW / RWL books & articles

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Sale of School Lands on the Osage Diminished Reserve

LHOP cabin was on Section 36

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killdeer

Small aquatic bird.

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forfeits

Game in which items are deposited and redeemable by a sportive fine.

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Royal Wilder

Almanzo’s older brother.

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Peter Riley Ingalls family

Uncle Peter & Aunt Eliza.

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O

oak – oyster

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John D. Peirson

Early De Smet liveryman.

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Timothy Johnson family

De Smet Wagon Shop.

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Will Knight

Walnut Grove revival singer.

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August Hanson

The Ingallses’ next door neighbor in De Smet.

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“Sweet By and By”

Pa’s favorite hymn.

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mantel-shelf

Shelf above a fireplace.

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“Darling Nellie Gray”

1856 Benjamin Hamby song.

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Poverty Flat

Early De Smet residential area.

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Little Town on the Prairie – historical perspective

De Smet D.T. in the 1880s.

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“Arkansas Traveler”

Traditional American folk song.

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H. W. Cooledge

De Smet photographer.

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“Haste to the Wedding”

Traditional Irish fiddle tune.

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Arthur Sherwood

Brother of Carter Sherwood.

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Silver Lake

Kingsbury County prairie pothole lake.

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swan

Cygnus Americanus

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carved wooden bracket

Place for a china shepherdess.

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chestnut / horse chestnut

A large nut, the fruit of a species of Æsculus.

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“Jesus Holds My Hand”

Hymn #85, Pure Gold for the Sunday Schools

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Alice Maria Wilder

Older sister and playmate of Almanzo Wilder. She lived 1853-1892.

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buck / buckskin

Male of the fallow deer, and leather made from its skin.

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Oh Whistle and I’ll Come to You, My Lad

1793 Robert Burns poem.

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Will Bennett

One of the younger De Smet schoolboys.

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dickcissel / dickie-bird

A semi-nomadic finch, Spiza americana.

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crow

Large black bird of genus Corvus.

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claim jumper / Mr. Hunter / Jack Hunt

One who ousts another from their land.

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“Bean Porridge Hot”

Bean porridge cold…

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President James Madison

4th President of the U.S.

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Thomas H. Ruth

President of Kingsbury County Bank in De Smet.

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alley / alleyway

Narrow passageway, distinct from public street.

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“When Johnny Comes Marching Home”

1863 Louis Lambert song.

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hardtack

Unleavened hard bread made from flour and water.

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dumpling

Dough cooked in liquid.

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“Paddle Your Own Canoe”

1850s Harry Clifton song.

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spoon holder / spoon-holder / spoonholder

Any vessel used to hold and display spoons.

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Grace Pearl Ingalls

Youngest sister of Laura Ingalls; she lived 1877-1941.

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“In the Starlight”

1878 Glover & Carpenter song.

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R

rabbit – rye

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S

Sabbath – sycamore

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Burr Oak during the Little House years

Town in Winneshiek County, Iowa.

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post office / post-office

Where you send and receive mail.

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Laura Remington

Mrs. Phillip Aubrey Lawrence

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zebra

Part of Willie Oleson’s Noah’s Ark toy.

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thunder-pumps

American bittern, a member of the heron family.

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Mary Blanche Howard

Mary’s roommate in Vinton.

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lone cottonwood / lone tree

The big one between the lakes.

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Albert Quiner

Laura’s cousin.

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butter tester

Instrument used to remove core sample from a vat of butter, for the sake of testing.

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Laura & Lansford Ingalls

Grandpa & Grandma Ingalls

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apron

Garment protector.

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“Gentle Words and Loving Smiles”

Hymn 139 in Pure Gold for the Sunday School.

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“For the Sake o’ Somebody”

1794 Robert Burns poem.

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Dr. Alfred Starr

His wife wanted Laura.

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saleratus / soda

Leavening agents used in baking.

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Frank M. Cooley family

On the Way home travelers.

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mowing machine

Farm implement for cutting hay or grain.

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buckwheat pancakes

Seeds of the flowering plant Eriogonum used as a grain.

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bison / “The Bison Track”

Bayard Taylor poem about Bos Americanus, found in Independent Fifth Reader.

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“Sing a Song of Sixpence”

Mother Goose rhyme.

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The House that Jack Built

…for two pieces of money.

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“I Wish I Was in Dixie’s Land”

1860 Daniel Decatur Emmett song.

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“all’s well that ends well”

A proverb.

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V

vain – vote

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Adam / adam’s apple

The first man, the progenitor of the human race.

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whalebone

Baleen used in corsets.

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“Bonny Doon”

1792 Robert Burns song.

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Q

quaker meeting – quinine

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bank

financial institution

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dried-raspberry sauce

Dried sauce good on biscuits.

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composition

The act of forming a written piece.

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grippe

influenza

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mercury / thermometer

Used to measure air temperature.

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dove-in-the-window / bear’s tracks

Patchwork pattern variations.

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N

nailer – nutmeg

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muff

A warm covering for receiving the hands.

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fichu

Light pointed cape worn by ladies, usually made of lace.

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The Long Winter – historical perspective

The Hard Winter of 1880-1881.

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Gather ye rosebuds while ye may…

From Robert Herrick poem.

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morning-glory

Climbing plant of the genus Ipomœa.

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Marvin Hughitt

Officer and President of the Chicago & NorthWestern Railway Company.

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“The Polish Boy”

Poem by Ann S. Stephens

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Henry Burvee

One of the first settlers in Kingsbury Co.

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“Nellie was a Lady”

…last night she died

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the Cameron gang

fiat justitia, ruat caelum…

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flag, the flower

An aquatic flower, Iris versicolor.

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“The Big Sunflower”

Pa’s trouble song.

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handcar

Don’t be left behind!

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dictionary

The words of a language.

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galluses / suspenders

Straps worn for holding up pants.

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Missouri Ruralist

The Missouri Ruralist. A twice-monthly Missouri farm periodical...

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cottonwood tree

Wetland plains tree, Populus fremontii.

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Doxology

Old Hundred.

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“It’s a Long, Long Way to Tipperary”

1912 Judge & Williams song.

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starry papers

Hand-made shelf edging.

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A

aboveboard – axle

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clear, pure green sky

Sunlight separated into colored bands at sunset.

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I

“I am Mrs. Jinks…” – “I wouldn’t marry a farmer”

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icicle

Conical mass of ice, formed by water freezing as it flows downward.

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Dolly Varden

NIckname of Edith Ingalls, Laura’s cousin.

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Oscar Rhuel / Röhl

A romantic figure…

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Bloody Benders

Serial killers in 1870s Kansas.

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legal cap

legal document paper

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Little House in the Big Woods – historical perspective

Pepin Twp., Pepin Co. Wisconsin

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peddler’s cart / wagon

A little store on wheels.

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bracket lamp

Affixed lighting fixture.

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James Glover family

Students in the Wilkin School.

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New Ulm, Minnesota

Town in Brown Co., MN.

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Protected: private post

Go away AI; you are not welcome here.

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Robbins children

“froze stark stiff”

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clove apple / clove-apple

Spice-preserved fruit decoration.

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spring tonic

Bitter purifying medicine.

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“I Wish I Was Single Again”

1871 J.C. Beckel song.

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wonderful house / frame house

Wooden house built on Charles Ingalls’ Plum Creek preemption claim.

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Have you seen the comet?

Tebbutt’s Great Comet of 1881.

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Commentators on the Ac’s

Pa’s charade pun.

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turnip

Cruciferous plant grown for root and greens.

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Wilkin School

April 20 – July 10, 1885.

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stone fences

Rock wall enclosure.

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oranges

Citrus fruit.

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Florence Bell

Milliner and dressmaker in De Smet.

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Nellie Oleson Meets Laura Ingalls

Heather Williams book.

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“Little Annie Rooney”

1889 song by Michael Nolan.

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Pure Gold for the Sunday School

Hymnal owned by the Ingalls family.

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windrow

Line of hay raked together.

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cream of tartar / baking powder

Byproduct of wine-making process, used in baking as leavening agent.

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tax

A certainty, as is death.

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primer

Used to teach someone to read.

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“Here’s to the Maiden”

1780 R.B. Sheridan drinking song.

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T

tableland – two-faced

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Thomas C. Wilkin family

Florence Wilkin’s father.

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“The Evergreen Shore”

1861 William Hunter song.

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Braille / New York Point

Used by Mary Ingalls.

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James McKee family

Homesteader north of Manchester D.T.

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M

Ma – “My Sabbath Home”

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church

Place of Christian worship.

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“The Lotos Eaters”

Tennyson poem.

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“The Ninety and Nine”

Elizabeth Clephane poem.

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handkerchief

Face and hand wiping cloth.

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Quiner graves

Abandoned cemetery off Playhouse Road.

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D

daisy – dye

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honey

Bee-made sweetness.

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ice cream / ice-cream

Sweetened cream, congealed by freezing.

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“Uncle Ned”

One of the earliest Stephen Foster songs.

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Almanzo Wilder

The Man of the Place

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nutmeg

Myristica moschata, used as a spice.

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scour / scouring brick

To rub hard for the purpose of cleaning.

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Chariton County, Missouri

Location of land purchased in 1868 by Charles Ingalls, Henry Quiner, and Tom Quiner.

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Jerome Bisby

Burr Oak singing teacher

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Pioneer Girl: The Annotated Autobiography

Laura’s handwritten manuscript.

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Frogs at School

“Twenty froggies went to school…”

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ice cream social

Laura and Almanzo didn’t enjoy it.

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blizzard

In 1880-1881, a long, severe, blinding, and bitterly cold snowstorm.

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Mary Amelia Ingalls

First child of Caroline and Charles Ingalls, 1865-1928; she lost her sight at age 15.

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A Tribute to the Early Day Teachers

Neva Whaley Harding tribute.

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Come Into the Garden, Maud

1855 poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson.

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Z

zebra – Zion City

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le cadeau du cheval

mosaic painting featuring Almanzo’s Morgan horses

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crocheted rag rug

Crocheted floor covering made of strips of cloth.

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Peter Pfeiffer family

John May’s son-in-law.

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